INSUBCONTINENT EXCLUSIVE:
Image copyrightSidewalk LabsImage caption
The vision is to have a bustling city that works for everyone
On Toronto's Eastern waterfront, a new digital city is being built by Sidewalk Labs - a firm owned by Google's parent Alphabet.It hopes the
project will become a model for 21st-Century urbanism.But the deal has been controversial, representing one of biggest ever tie-ups between
a city and a large corporation.And that, coupled with the fact that the corporation in question is one of the largest tech firms in the
world, is causing some unease.Image copyrightSidewalk LabsImage caption
The city envisaged by Sidewalk Labs would
collect data from a range of sources
Sidewalk Labs promises to transform the disused waterfront area into a bustling mini
metropolis, one built "from the internet up", although there is no timetable for when the city will actually be built.Dan Doctoroff, the
company's head and former deputy mayor of New York, told the TheIndianSubcontinent the project was "about creating healthier, safer, more
convenient and more fun lives"."We want this to be a model for what urban life can be in the 21st Century," he said.The area will have
plenty of sensors collecting data - from traffic, noise and air quality - and monitoring the performance of the electric grid and waste
collection.Image copyrightSidewalk LabsImage caption
People would be encouraged to walk cycle or use self-drive taxis to
get around
And that has led some in the city, including Toronto's deputy mayor Denzil Minnan-Wong, to question exactly what
Sidewalk hopes to achieve."What data will be gathered and what is it going to be used for These are real and prescient issues for the city
of Toronto," he told the TheIndianSubcontinent.Sidewalk Labs told the TheIndianSubcontinent that the sensors will not be used to monitor and
collect information on citizens, rather it will be used to allow governments to be flexible about how neighbourhoods are used.Mr Minnan-Wong
is also concerned that the firm has not been very open with its own data."Sidewalk talks about open data, but from the very start the one
thing that they are not making public is their agreement with Waterfront Toronto."Waterfront Toronto is the organisation charged with
revitalising the area around the city's harbour.Initially Sidewalk's deal with the organisation will cover a 12-acre site but it is believed
it wishes to expand this to the whole area - which at 325 acres will represent a huge land-grab."Even the idea of what land we are talking
about, even something as fundamental as that is unclear," said Mr Minnan-Wong."Is this a real-estate play or is it a technology project We
just don't know."He is not the only one questioning how the deal was made.Writing on news website The Conversation, Mariana Valverde, urban
law researcher at the University of Toronto, said: "The Google folks have not approached the city in the usual, highly-regulated manner, but
have been negotiating, in secret, with the arms-length Waterfront Toronto."City staff, who have noted that even their waterfront planning
experts were not consulted, have recently raised important issues regarding potential conflicts between Google's ambitions and public laws
"For example, the city has a fair procurement policy that would not allow it to let a big US company have any kind of monopoly."Underground
robotsThe firm has some pretty radical ideas for the city including:Self-driving cars - controlled by app - to be the backbone of
neighbourhood transportReimagining of buildings via a concept known as The Loft - strong structures (wood not steel) but flexible interiors
so usage could be changed as neededWeather control - to encourage citizens to make the most of outdoor space, retractable plastic canopies
will shelter people from rain while heated pedestrian and bike paths will melt snowImage copyrightSidewalk LabsImage caption
An army of underground robots will collect waste and deliver parcels
Image copyrightSideWalk LabsImage caption
Sidewalk Labs has other city projects ongoing - one of the first was wi-fi kiosks in New York City
For its part,
Sidewalk insists that this year will be all about consultation - with city leaders, local policymakers and the wider community, to ensure
what is achieved in Toronto is something that "meaningfully improves lives".Mr Minnan-Wong, who has not personally attended the two public
meetings that Sidewalk has held so far, is not convinced."I've heard that the meetings are very slick productions but that they don't go far
in addressing the concerns held by members of the public, who want to know the details of what is in the agreement.""Is Sidewalk taking
about what it wants to talk about or what the public wants to talk about"Image copyrightSidewalk LabsImage caption
Sidewalk envisages modular buildings built in factories and with flexible interiors that could be offices or residential units
What is clear is that green will be top of the agenda - with plans for more eco-friendly building materials that will be built in a
factory to cut down on the need for a messy construction site
This would create what Sidewalk describes as "whole neighbourhoods of lower-cost, quicker-to-build housing".Sensors will help separate waste
for recycling with anaerobic digestion for composting, to dramatically reduce landfill waste.It is also planning a pilot to help tenants
reuse so-called grey water - the water from bathroom sinks, showers, baths and washing machines.Urbanists versus technologistsImage
copyrightSidewalk LabsImage caption
Construction of modular housing and offices will use wooden skeletons rather than
integration of innovation and urbanisation and there is a huge gulf between the urbanists -the people who run and plan cities - and
technologists.""Building a team that can do both is hard."But he thinks that Sidewalk is uniquely positioned to provide this fusion as an
urban innovation firm that combines the know-how of Google engineers with government leaders.As part of the planning process of bidding to
develop the waterside location, the firm looked at 150 examples of smart cities, including those built from the ground up such as Masdar, in
Abu Dhabi and Songdo in South Korea."One of the mistakes that previous cities have made is the idea that you can plan something from the top
That is not how cities work - they evolve organically."Image copyrightSidewalk LabsImage caption
Sidewalk also wants to
rethink healthcare with both social care and medical care brought together under one roof
Image copyrightSidewalk LabsImage
caption
Would the city envisaged by Sidewalk Labs be one in which citizens would want to live
Mr
Doctoroff is a big fan of Jane Jacobs, an urbanist who fled New York to live in Toronto and spent her life encouraging cities to improve
She once famously said: "Cities have the capability of providing something for everybody, only because and only when, they are created by
everybody."Whether the Google firm's city experiment will fulfil this promise is one many will be watching with interest
