INSUBCONTINENT EXCLUSIVE:
Image copyrightGetty ImagesFacebook and similar apps and websites can be ordered to take down illegal posts worldwide after a landmark
ruling from the EU's highest court.Platforms may also have to seek out similar examples of the illegal content and remove them, instead of
waiting for each to be reported.One expert said it was a significant ruling with global implications
Facebook said the judgement raised "critical questions around freedom of expression".What was the case about?The case stemmed from an
insulting comment posted on Facebook about Austrian politician Eva Glawischnig-Piesczek, which the country's courts said damaged her
reputation.Under EU law, Facebook and other platforms are not held responsible for illegal content posted by users, until they have been
made aware of it - at which point, they must remove it quickly.But it was unclear whether an EU directive, saying platforms cannot be made
to monitor all posts or actively seek out illegal activity, could be overridden by a court order.Austria's Supreme Court asked Europe's
highest court to clarify this.Thursday's ruling says three things:If an EU country finds a post illegal in its courts, it can order
websites and apps to take down identical copies of the postPlatforms can be ordered to take down "equivalent" versions of an illegal post,
if the message conveyed is "essentially unchanged"Platforms can be ordered to take down illegal posts worldwide, if there is a relevant
international law or treatyFacebook is unable to appeal against this ruling.What does this mean in practice?"If there's a court order to
say that someone's been defamed, then Facebook has to also search for different variations of it," Prof Steve Peers, from the University
of Essex, told TheIndianSubcontinent News.Privacy campaigner Max Schrems added that the ruling could have implications for Facebook's
closed groups.In the past, the social network had required users to identify each instance of a post they wanted to be taken down before the
But since some of its pages are members-only, the victim might not be able to access them all.Now, the onus would be on Facebook to find
them, Mr Schrems suggested.Facebook has said countries would have to "set out very clear definitions on what 'identical' and 'equivalent'
means in practice".It said the ruling "undermines the long-standing principle that one country does not have the right to impose its laws on
speech on another country".However, platforms can be compelled to take down posts worldwide within the framework of relevant international
laws only."There's no harmonised defamation law internationally," said Prof Peers
"Facebook might say we can't do this to the United States, because even though it infringes Austrian law, it doesn't infringe US law."
